Tax-loss harvesting alternatives for MA

Among the 18 Transaction & Payment Processing Services peers screened, V (Visa Inc.) has tracked MA most closely over the past year, with a return correlation of 0.86. The strongest fund stand-in is XLF (Financial Select Sector SPDR) at 0.64 over the past year. Correlations are computed from daily closing-price returns aligned by trading day.

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STOCKS

Single-name peers

Ticker	Name	Sub-industry	1Y	3Y	5Y	10Y
V	Visa Inc.	Transaction & Payment Processing Services	0.86	0.85	0.88	0.90
FIS	Fidelity National Info	Transaction & Payment Processing Services	0.53	0.49	0.54	0.62
GPN	Global Payments	Transaction & Payment Processing Services	0.50	0.53	0.59	0.69
TOST	Toast, Inc.	Transaction & Payment Processing Services	0.43	0.39	0.39	—
JKHY	Jack Henry & Associates	Transaction & Payment Processing Services	0.42	0.41	0.45	0.50
EEFT	Euronet Worldwide	Transaction & Payment Processing Services	0.41	0.46	0.53	0.57
WEX	WEX Inc.	Transaction & Payment Processing Services	0.39	0.45	0.52	0.61
FISV	Fiserv	Transaction & Payment Processing Services	0.39	0.38	0.48	0.58
CPAY	Corpay	Transaction & Payment Processing Services	0.38	0.50	0.58	0.63
EVTC	EVERTEC, Inc.	Transaction & Payment Processing Services	0.37	0.40	0.46	0.52
NATL	NCR Atleos	Transaction & Payment Processing Services	0.34	0.29	—	—
XYZ	Block Inc. (Square)	Transaction & Payment Processing Services	0.32	0.36	0.45	0.50
FOUR	Shift4	Transaction & Payment Processing Services	0.29	0.33	0.44	0.42
PAYO	Payoneer Global Inc.	Transaction & Payment Processing Services	0.29	0.31	0.32	—
PYPL	PayPal Holdings	Transaction & Payment Processing Services	0.27	0.38	0.45	0.54
WU	Western Union	Transaction & Payment Processing Services	0.26	0.32	0.39	0.45
SEZL	Sezzle	Transaction & Payment Processing Services	0.23	0.22	—	—
RELY	Remitly	Transaction & Payment Processing Services	0.18	0.22	0.30	—

ETFS

Fund stand-ins

An ETF is generally not 'substantially identical' to a single stock, which is why funds are the standard wash-sale-aware replacement.

Ticker	Name	Focus	Match	1Y	3Y	5Y	10Y
XLF	Financial Select Sector SPDR	Financials Sector	SECTOR	0.64	0.69	0.69	0.68
VFH	Vanguard Financials ETF	Financials Sector	SECTOR	0.61	0.67	0.67	0.67
IPAY	ETFMG Prime Mobile Payments	Payments	SUB-IND	0.58	0.62	0.71	0.78
KIE	SPDR S&P Insurance ETF	Insurance	INDUSTRY	0.57	0.58	0.59	0.64
IYF	iShares US Financials ETF	Financials Sector	SECTOR	0.49	0.58	0.63	0.70
IAK	iShares US Insurance ETF	Insurance	INDUSTRY	0.49	0.55	0.55	0.60
KBE	SPDR S&P Bank ETF	Banks	INDUSTRY	0.34	0.39	0.47	0.52
FINX	Global X FinTech ETF	FinTech	SUB-IND	0.33	0.47	0.57	0.66
KBWB	Invesco KBW Bank ETF	Large Banks	INDUSTRY	0.32	0.43	0.50	0.56
KRE	SPDR S&P Regional Banking ETF	Regional Banks	SUB-IND	0.31	0.35	0.42	0.48
IAI	iShares Broker-Dealers & Exchanges	Capital Markets	INDUSTRY	0.29	0.48	0.57	0.63
ARKF	ARK Fintech Innovation ETF	FinTech (Active)	SUB-IND	0.21	0.37	0.48	0.51

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Replacement research for MA's peers

V FIS GPN TOST JKHY EEFT WEX FISV CPAY EVTC NATL XYZ FOUR PAYO PYPL WU SEZL RELY

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Method: Pearson correlation of daily closing-price returns, Yahoo Finance data, series aligned by trading day, refreshed weekly. A cell is blank when overlapping history covers less than 60% of its window. Correlation is descriptive, not predictive. Wash-sale treatment depends on facts and circumstances — confirm with a tax professional. Not investment advice.